New Year Update 2024: Recruitment boost, Siobhan’s graduation and a new paper!

Maria and Dan at the Durham PSPA meeting at the Bay Horse

The last couple of months have seen significant progress with the PSP project and some important milestones for Siobhan’s PhD. We’ve been delighted to have seen a big increase in people volunteering for the PSP project, and I’m pleased to say we are now at 20 participants, which means we are slightly ahead of schedule. We’re particularly grateful to the wonderful research nurses in James Cook, Gateshead and Sunderland for their efforts to recruit people, and to the local PSPA co-ordinators who have helped publicise the study. We still need people to take part, especially for our age matched control group, so please get in touch if you are interested. We also had a very nice meeting with Maria from the County Durham PSPA, who let Alexis and I update the group on progress with the project and pitch some ideas for new research projects. They gave us quite a grilling, but the feedback was extremely valuable!

Siobhan at the graduating with her PhD at the winter congregation in Durham cathedral

It was also lovely to catch up with Siobhan, who returned to Durham to graduate her PhD at Durham Cathedral. It was a very proud day! There was more good news from Siobhan, as the 3rd paper from her PhD was accepted and appeared in Vision Research on the last day of the year. The paper shows that measuring VSWM capacity with mouse pointing produces a rather different pattern of resource allocation than measuring with finger pointing (imprecision asymptotes at set sizes larger than 2, rather than monotonically increasing), we think because of the additional visuomotor transformations required by mouse pointing. You can read all about it here: Precision in spatial working memory examined with mouse pointing – ScienceDirect

Autumn Update: FESN 2023, new paper published

It has been a busy summer for the MotorBias project with lots of progress on several projects. Alexis’ main focus has been the Dunhill Medical Trust project on Attention and Memory in PSP and Parkinsons’ disease, which reached a notable milestone when we reached our recruitment target of 27 for the Parkinsons group. This excellent achievement is thanks due to the fantastic efforts of Susan Wilson at Sunderland Royal and Bryony Storey at Gateshead who have provided us with a steady stream of willing volunteers, and of course the participants themselves whose time and effort we are very grateful for!  Dan has also been busy with the PSP project, running very some very informative PPI sessions with Susan at Sunderland Royal to get feedback on the potential for a project exploring prism use in PSP.

Another highlight of the summer  was the Federation of European Neuropsychology Societies 2023, where we were  fortunate to be joined by Prof Chrystalina Antonaides and Dr Luca Wollenberg in the city of Thessalonki  for a symposium on “Visual cognition and oculomotor control in neurodegenerative disease” organized by Dan and Thomas.  Alexis presented a preliminary analysis of the visual search tasks, reporting that people with PSP find visual searh significantly more challenging than people with Parkinsons’ disease. Chrystalina outlined her recent advances in using measures of oculomotor control to track progression of Parkinson’s disease and Luca who explained his exciting research showing decoupling of attention and saccades after training. Although unfortunately Prof Trevor Crawford wasn’t able to join as planned, the symposium produced lively discussion in the session and at the symposium dinner afterwards. We’re very hopeful that some the seeds of ideas planted over dinner and well watered with Greek beer will grow into future collaborations!

Overall the conference was very good with some some thought provoking keynotes. Alfredo Spagna gave a particularly compelling talk arguing against a functional role for V1 in mental imagery. Unfortunately the poster sessions were a great disappointment. Posters were electronic, but with only three display screens it was impossible to browse the posters at leisure, which is one of the great pleasures of a conference. It also severely limited the time Dan had to present the results of the VSWM and social cognition tasks, which was very frustrating. You can see the poster at the bottom of this page.

Other notable events during the summer included Siobhan getting a new job with Dr Robert Hardwick in Leuven, Belgium, a new publication from in PLOSONE in which Dan demonstrated the existence of a presaccadic perceptual impairment at the post-saccadic location of the blindspot (Smith Beierholm & Avery 2023), Shuzhe completing her masters project looking at the effect of varying cue spatial frequency on the temporal profile of exogenous attention, and Soazig submitting a paper on eye-movements and aesthetic appreciation to JoV. With the start of term imminent we’re looking forward to welcoming a our new cohort of UG and masters students and getting on with more exciting projects.

Use of Prism Glasses in PSP questionnaire now live!

Coronavirus has meant many of our projects have ground to a halt, but in spite of the disruption we’ve been pressing on by moving some research online. Something we’re delighted to be making progress with is Dan Ford and James Ireland’s MSc project, which explores the use of prism glasses by people with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). People with PSP often have problems looking downwards, which makes it hard for them to see what is happening in the lower visual field. Many everyday tasks like eating, reading and using a computer rely on being able to look down into the lower part of the visual field, which makes them very difficult for people with PSP. Prism glasses bend the light so that that the lower visual field can be seen without having to move the eyes. They are cheap and easy to use, so appear to have great potential as a compensatory tool. They are widely used to treat other neurological disorders which affect vision, such has hemispatial neglect and hemianopia.

However, prisms do have some disadvantages. For example, they can be heavy and it takes time to get used to the way they change how the world looks. Furthermore, nobody really knows how useful they are or how widely used they are because nobody has asked people with PSP. Dan and James’s project aims to start answering this important issue by surveying people with PSP about their attitudes towards, and experiences of, using prism glasses. It’s one of the first surveys of its kind and we’re hoping that the results will help us better understand how people use prisms, whether they find them useful, and/or the problems or impediments that people experience when using prism glasses. If you have PSP and would like to take part the questionnaire can be found here:

https://durhampsychology.eu.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_eqxcolUWzqVSPjv

Dan and James are being supervised by Dr Alison Lane and the project is a collaboration with the PSP Association.  You can find out more about Dr Ali Lane’s research on neurorehabilitation on her homepage.

If you are interested, some of our related research can be found here:

 

 

Talk at PSYPAG 2019

A couple of weeks ago I was invited down to Sheffield to present an overview of our recent findings to the PsyPAG annual conference. PsyPAG is the official postgraduate section of the BPS and covers all aspects of applied and academic psychology, so although I was part of the ‘Cognitive’ stream, I thought I should try and make my talk a bit broader than the usual premotor-theory bashing schtick Soazig and I indulge in. I took some inspiration from a talk Ray Klein gave in Durham a few years back  where he talked about oculomotor readiness theories in terms of embodied cognition, and from the recent RIO group meeting I attended, where Dan Eaves and I discussed the many similarities between motor theories of attention and motor theories of imagery. I was keen to mention some recent data on spatial working memory in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and framing the talk in the broad terms of ‘visual cognition’ gave me licence to talk about a wider range of topics than just Premotor theory. With this theme I managed to touch on our earlier work with Case A.I, some eye-abduction data, Soazig’s recent data on search and cueing beyond the Effective Oculomotor Range and a bit on PSP. In the end I think this approach was quite successful at keeping people engaged with the talk, with lots of people nodding and nobody frowning too much! Interestingly, the questions were really focused on the applications of the research to different disorders, such as ADHD. On reflection, I think offering a more thorough discussion of the potential applications of our project in terms of rehab. For example, touching the kind of work Joris Elshout is doing in the Utrecht leg of the project, might have been a good idea. At the end of the talk I was surprised and delighted to be given some mementos of the occasion, which were only slightly awkward to carry back on the train 😉.  If you are interested in seeing the slides, they can be found here: “Are cognitive processes embodied in the motor system?”

Around my talk I had an enjoyable time looking through the many and varied posters. My favourite was from Gabriele Pesimena that examined to what extent perspective taking was disrupted by changes to the perspective of the avatar. Pleasingly, changing perspective had no effect, just as Geoff Cole had shown a couple of years ago! Many other posters utilised eye-tracking in one way or another, and this technique really seems to be becoming commonplace (although TBH in some cases it wasn’t always clear why eye-tracking was being used). There was also time to catch a couple of talks, and I particularly enjoyed Ben Butterworth (a Durham Psychology alumni) outlining the challenges of his research on the effects of alcohol on memory performance, and Suzy Hodgson’s talk on the roles new fathers play and how they interact with heath services. The talk sessions were very good with a really enthusiastic and engaged audience. There was also an excellent lunch, although I had a slightly awkward moment when I got shooed away from some very tasty cakes which apparently belonged to a different conference! However, all was not lost, as I subsequently discovered the Psychology cakes in the poster session 😊. I also bumped into Ellen Ridley, who was receiving a Masters award for her research at Durham and offered her my congratulations. I really enjoyed the conference and would definitely recommend it to any psychology postgrads looking for an opportunity to share their work in progress and gain experience giving talks. Its also worth noting that PsyPAG  offers many awards and small grants that can really help PGR develop their careers Finally, I would like to thank Suzanne Hodgson for the invitation to give the keynote.

Dan Smith